Class Study 1

Is there a relationship between passing the TOEFL on the first try and having taken a TOEFL preparation course? The data below represent whether a person passed the TOEFL on the first try and if the person had taken a TOEFL preparation course.

Datafile: chisq1.sav
Variables: PASS, COURSE 

PERSON      PASS       COURSE
1              0            0
2              0            1
3              1            0
4              1            1
5              0            0
6              1            1
7              1            0
8              0            1
9              1            0
10             0            1
11             1            0
12             0            1
13             1            0
14             1            1
15             0            0
16             0            1
17             1            0
18             1            1
19             0            0
20             1            1
21             0            0
22             1            1
23             0            0
24             1            1
25             0            0
26             0            1
27             1            0
28             0            1
29             1            0
30             1            1
31             1            0
32             0            1
33             1            1
34             0            0
35             1            1
36             0            0
37             1            1
38             0            0
39             0            1
40             0            0

Answer the following questions:

  1. Is it legitimate to use Chi-Square on these data? Check for all four assumptions.
     
     
     
     
  2. If necessary, check the figures for normal distribution and note any outliers.
     
     
     
  3. What are the degrees of freedom?
     
     
  4. Perform the Chi-Square and write the result below.
     
     
  5. Is the result significant at p<.01?
     
     
  6. In terms of operationalization of the variables, how informative is the information provided in the file? Can you suggest some alternative operationalization?
     
     
     
  7. Would a significant finding allow one to conclude that taking a TOEFL preparation course causes first-take passing? Explain.